Category Archives: Human oral

March 20, 2020

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Good morning! I hope this post finds you well. There are lots of new microbiome papers to share, including work on the disruption of E. coli biofilms, inconsistent diets used in Drosophila microbiome studies, and the effects of pollution on soil microbial communities.

General microbiome

Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by Fusarium scirpi and its potential as antimicrobial agent against uropathogenic Escherichia coli biofilms, Candelario Rodríguez-Serrano et al., PLOS ONE

Human gut microbiome

Targeted inhibition of gut bacterial β-glucuronidase activity enhances anticancer drug efficacy, Aadra P. Bhatt et al., PNAS

Gut Microbiome Pattern Reflects Healthy Aging and Predicts Extended Survival in Humans (preprint), Tomasz Wilmanski et al., bioRxiv

Propionic Acid Shapes the Multiple Sclerosis Disease Course by an Immunomodulatory Mechanism, Alexander Duscha et al., Cell

Adjusting for age improves identification of gut microbiome alterations in multiple diseases, Tarini S Ghosh et al., eLife

Environmental remodeling of human gut microbiota and antibiotic resistome in livestock farms, Jian Sun et al., Nature Communications

Review – Altering Routine Intensive Care Unit Practices to Support Commensalism, Hamilton and Behal, Nutrition in Clinical Practice

Household Pet Ownership and the Microbial Diversity of the Human Gut Microbiota, Ashley E. Kates et al., Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

Meta-analysis – Assessing the efficacy and safety of fecal microbiota transplantation and probiotic VSL#3 for active ulcerative colitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis, Xiaofei Dang et al., PLOS ONE

Other human microbiome

Subgingival Host-Microbial Interactions in Hyperglycemic Individuals, P.S. Kumar et al., Journal of Dental Research

Investigating Bifidobacteria and Human Milk Oligosaccharide Composition of Lactating Mothers, Gabriele Andrea Lugli et al., FEMS Microbiology Ecology

Animal experiments

Effects of intestinal flora on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of aspirin in high-altitude hypoxia, Sun and Zhang et al., PLOS ONE

Meta-analysis of diets used in Drosophila microbiome research and introduction of the Drosophila Dietary Composition Calculator (DDCC) (preprint), Broderick and Lesperance, bioRxiv

The Carnivorous Digestive System and Bamboo Diet of Giant Pandas May Shape Their Low Gut Bacterial Diversity, Wei Gui et al., Conservation Physiology

Animal microbiome

Non-invasive evaluation of the equine gastrointestinal mucosal transcriptome, Coleman and Whitfield-Cargile et al., PLOS ONE

Dietary substitution of soybean oil with coconut oil in the absence of dietary antibiotics supports growth performance and immune function in nursery and grower pigs, Andrea G. Braundmeier-Fleming et al., Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology

Isoflavone supplementation, via red clover hay, alters the rumen microbial community and promotes weight gain of steers grazing mixed grass pastures, Brittany E. Harlow et al., PLOS ONE

Domesticated equine species and their derived hybrids differ in their fecal microbiota, J.E. Edwards et al., Animal Microbiome

Integrative analysis of gut microbiome and metabolites revealed novel mechanisms of intestinal Salmonella carriage in chicken, Khin K.Z. Mon et al., Scientific Reports

Plant, root, and soil microbiome

Acute effects of PAH contamination on microbial community of different forest soils, Enrica Picariello et al., Environmental Pollution

Context-dependent Dynamics Lead to the Assembly of Functionally Distinct Microbial Communities, Leonora S Bittleston et al., Nature Communications

Lifting the veil on arid-to-hyperarid Antarctic soil microbiomes: a tale of two oases, Eden Zhang et al., Microbiome

Perspective – Toward Comprehensive Plant Microbiome Research, Kari Saikkonen et al., Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution

Water and extremophile microbiome

Deep-sea corals provide new insight into the ecology, evolution, and the role of plastids in widespread apicomplexan symbionts of anthozoans, Samuel A. Vohsen et al., Microbiome

Food microbiology

Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated From Korean Kimchi Activate the Vitamin D Receptor–autophagy Signaling Pathways, Rong Lu et al., Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Consumption of Fermented Foods Is Associated with Systematic Differences in the Gut Microbiome and Metabolome, Bryn C. Taylor et al., mSystems

Differential Microbial Composition of Monovarietal and Blended Extra Virgin Olive Oils Determines Oil Quality During Storage, Zullo and Ciafardini, Microorganisms

Phages and viruses

Honey bees harbor a diverse gut virome engaging in nested strain-level interactions with the microbiota, Germán Bonilla-Rosso et al., PNAS

Bioinformatics

FORENSIC: an Online Platform for Fecal Source Identification, Adélaïde Roguet et al., mSystems

Review – Accurate and complete genomes from metagenomes, Lin-Xing Chen et al., Genome Research

Powmic: An R Package for Power Assessment in Microbiome Case-Control Studies, Li Chen, Bioinformatics

Techniques

RapidAIM: a culture- and metaproteomics-based Rapid Assay of Individual Microbiome responses to drugs, Leyuan Li et al., Microbiome

Non-microbiology picks

Marketplace shrimp mislabeling in North Carolina, Morgan L. Korzik et al., PLOS ONE

March 5, 2020

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Today’s Digest is heavy, so you might want to pace yourself. It’s hard to pick the highlights, but I’m biased towards fungal research, so first about a wake-up call to look at the fungi seriously. The insects might provide for remedy against antibiotic resistance and is the dust settled on the sparse fetal intestinal microbiota? Stay healthy and keep reading.

Event

Call for papers – Global Outbreaks and Responses – BMC Medicine

General microbiology

** Viewpoints: Fungal diseases as neglected pathogens: A wake-up call to public health officials – Marcio L. Rodrigues & Joshua D. Nosanchuk – PLoS NTD

Inducible cell-to-cell signaling for tunable dynamics in microbial communities – Arianna Miano et al. – Nature Communications

Antimicrobial resistance

** The insect antimicrobial peptide cecropin A disrupts uropathogenic Escherichia coli biofilms – Miriam Kalsy et al. – npj Biofilms and Microbiomes

Using comparative genomics to understand molecular features of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii from South Korea causing invasive infections and their clinical implications – Min Hyung Kim – PLoS One

Factors associated with sufficient knowledge of antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance in the Japanese general population – Shinya Tsuzuki et al. – Scientific Reports

Faeces and vaccines could be the key to tackling antimicrobial resistance – Elisabeth Mahase – BMJ

A survey of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in urban wetlands in southwestern Nigeria as a step towards generating prevalence maps of antimicrobial resistance – Olawale Olufemi Adelowo et al. – PLoS One

Pregnancy and early life

** Viable bacterial colonization is highly limited in the human intestine in utero – E. Rackaityte et al. – Nature Medicine

Perinatal Antibiotic Exposure Affects the Transmission between Maternal and Neonatal Microbiota and Is Associated with Early-Onset Sepsis – Ping Zhou et al. – mSphere

Combined analysis of microbial metagenomic and metatranscriptomic sequencing data to assess in situ physiological conditions in the premature infant gut – Yonatan Sher et al. – PLoS One

Human skin microbiome

A microbiome and metabolomic signature of phases of cutaneous healing identified by profiling sequential acute wounds of human skin: An exploratory study – Mohammed Ashrafi et al. – PLoS One

Human oral microbiome

Review: Single-Cell Genomics and the Oral Microbiome – M. Balachandran et al. – Journal of Dental Research

Insights Obtained by Culturing Saccharibacteria With Their Bacterial Hosts – B. Bor et al. – Journal of Dental Research

Electronic Cigarette Aerosol Modulates the Oral Microbiome and Increases Risk of Infection – Smruti Pushalkar et al. – iScience

Press: Oral Microbiome Changes Implicated in Gum Inflammation in E-Cigarette Users – GenomeWeb

In vitro: A salivary metabolite signature that reflects gingival host-microbe interactions: instability predicts gingivitis susceptibility – Marcela M. Fernandez-Gutierrez et al. – Scientific Reports

Human respiratory microbiome

Review: The Role of Lung and Gut Microbiota in the Pathology of Asthma – Weronika Barcik et al. – Immunity

Cancer and microbiome

Endogenous murine microbiota member Faecalibaculum rodentium and its human homologue protect from intestinal tumour growth – Elena Zagato et al. – Nature Microbiology

Escherichia coli adhesion portion FimH functions as an adjuvant for cancer immunotherapy – Wei Zhang et al. – Nature Communications

Temporal changes in gut microbiota profile in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia prior to commencement-, during-, and post-cessation of chemotherapy – Ling Ling Chua et al. – BMC Cancer

Review: Interplay between Dietary Polyphenols and Oral and Gut Microbiota in the Development of Colorectal Cancer – Carolina Cueva & Mariana Silva – Nutrients

Human gut microbiome

In vitro: Short-term supplementation of celecoxib-shifted butyrate production on a simulated model of the gut microbial ecosystem and ameliorated in vitro inflammation – Emma Hernandez-Sanabria et al. – npj Biofilms and Microbiomes

Review: Crosstalk Between Gut Microbiota and Innate Immunity and Its Implication in Autoimmune Diseases – Yuhao Jiao et al. – Frontiers in Immunology

An empirically derived method for measuring human gut microbiome alpha diversity: Demonstrated utility in predicting health-related outcomes among a human clinical sample – Sarah L. Hagerty et al. – PLoS One

Proof-of-concept study of the efficacy of a microbiota-directed complementary food formulation (MDCF) for treating moderate acute malnutrition – Ishita Mostafa et al. – BMC Public Health

Microbiota as Predictor of Mortality in Allogeneic Hematopoietic-Cell Transplantation – Jonathan U. Peled et al. – New England Journal of Medicine

Human multi-site microbiome

Age-Related Variation of Bacterial and Fungal Communities in Different Body Habitats across the Young, Elderly, and Centenarians in Sardinia – Lu Wu et al. – mSphere

Response of the human gut and saliva microbiome to urbanization in Cameroon – Ana Lokmer et al. – Scientific Reports

The gut-microbiota-brain axis

Therapeutic Effects of the In Vitro Cultured Human Gut Microbiota as Transplants on Altering Gut Microbiota and Improving Symptoms Associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder – Kainan Chen et al. – Microbial Ecology

Built environment microbiome

A preliminary study on the potential of Nanopore MinION and Illumina MiSeq 16S rRNA gene sequencing to characterize building-dust microbiomes – Anders B. Nygaard et al. – Scientific Reports

Metabolomics

Spatial metabolomics of in situ host–microbe interactions at the micrometre scale – Benedikt Geier et al. – Nature Microbiology

Global chemical effects of the microbiome include new bile-acid conjugations – Robert A. Quinn et al. – Nature

Animal experiments

PM2.5 exposure perturbs lung microbiome and its metabolic profile in mice – Jingli Li et al. – Science of the Total Environment

Growth hormone deficiency and excess alter the gut microbiome in adult male mice – Elizabeth A Jensen et al. – Endocrinology

Dissociation of Adaptive Thermogenesis from Glucose Homeostasis in Microbiome-Deficient Mice – Tibor L. Krisko et al. – Cell Metabolism

Fecal IgA Levels Are Determined by Strain-Level Differences in Bacteroides ovatus and Are Modifiable by Gut Microbiota Manipulation – Chao Yang et al. – Cell Host & Microbe

Animal microbiome

Can rumen bacteria communicate to each other? – Mi-Young Won et al. – Microbiome

Entomopathogenic nematode-associated microbiota: from monoxenic paradigm to pathobiome – Jean-Claude Ogier et al. – Microbiome

The canine oral microbiome: variation in bacterial populations across different niches – Avika Ruparell et al. – BMC Microbiology

Evolutionary analysis of Mycobacterium bovis genotypes across Africa suggests co-evolution with livestock and humans – Osvaldo Frederico Inlamea et al. – PLoS NTD

Nanopore sequencing of microbial communities reveals the potential role of sea lice as a reservoir for fish pathogens – Ana Teresa Gonçalves et al. – Scientific Reports

Plant, root and soil microbiome

Insights on aquatic microbiome of the Indian Sundarbans mangrove areas – Paltu Kumar Dhal et al. – PLoS One

Ganoderma lucidum cultivation affect microbial community structure of soil, wood segments and tree roots – Fei Ren et al. – Scientific Reports

Effect of long-term destocking on soil fungal functional groups and interactions with plants – Jie Wang et al. – Plant and Soil

Comparative Analysis of Root Microbiomes of Rice Cultivars with High and Low Methane Emissions Reveals Differences in Abundance of Methanogenic Archaea and Putative Upstream Fermenters – Zachary Liechty et al. – mSystems

Fungal diversity and community composition of wheat rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils from three different agricultural production regions of South Africa – Magalane Pheladi Gqozo et al. – Applied Soil Ecology

Microbial and volatile profiling of soils suppressive to Fusarium culmorum of wheat – Adam Ossowicki & Vittorio Tracanna et al. – Proceedings of the Royal Society B

Industrial development as a key factor explaining variances in soil and grass phyllosphere microbiomes in urban green spaces – Zhen-Zhen Yan et al. – Environmental Pollution

Plant communities mediate the interactive effects of invasion and drought on soil microbial communities – Catherine Fahey et al. – The ISME Journal

Water and extremophile microbiome

Methyl t-butyl ether-degrading bacteria for bioremediation and biocontrol purposes – Giada d’Errico et al. – PLoS One

Uncovering microbial responses to sharp geochemical gradients in a terrace contaminated by acid mine drainage – Rui Xu et al. – Environmental Pollution

Snapshot: Microbial Extremophiles – Amy K. Schmid et al. – Cell

Denitrification performance and microbial communities of solid-phase denitrifying reactors using poly (butylene succinate)/bamboo powder composite – Wanhe Qi et al. – Bioresource Technology

Meta-omics Provides Insights into the Impact of Hydrocarbon Contamination on Microbial Mat Functioning – Johanne Aubé et al. – Microbial Ecology

Role of microbial diversity for sustainable pyrite oxidation control in acid and metalliferous drainage prevention – Omy T. Ogbughalu et al. – Journal of Hazardous Materials

Phages and viruses

** Coronavirus research highlights – BMC

Fecal Viral Community Responses to High-Fat Diet in Mice – Anjelique Schulfer et al. – mSphere

Technology

Rapid MinION profiling of preterm microbiota and antimicrobial-resistant pathogens – Richard M. Leggett et al. – Nature Microbiology

Assembly-free single-molecule sequencing recovers complete virus genomes from natural microbial communities – John Beaulaurier et al. – Genome Research

Bioinformatics

Rapid inference of antibiotic resistance and susceptibility by genomic neighbour typing – Karel Břinda et al. – Nature Microbiology

Microbes in the news

Tough microbe’s DNA could be a lasting archive – Steve Nadis – Science

How Bacteria Can ‘Sculpt The Gut’ – Maya Trabulsi – KPBS

The bee microbiome can fight back against fungi that cause Colony Collapse Disorder – Lauren Sara McKee – Massive Science

Ancient gut microbiomes shed light on human evolution – Newswise

Launch of the Marine Microbiome Roadmap – NIOZ

Understanding Microbiome Resilience on a Changing Planet – Michigan State University

Adaptations in gut microbes helped our ancestors thrive in new geographical territories: Study – New Kerala

Scientists Announce VIRGO, First Comprehensive Gene Catalog To Decode the Vaginal Microbiome – PR Newswire

Metabolomics Reveals Connection Between Gut Microbiome and Blood – Metabolon

Study shows universally positive effect of cover crops on soil microbiome – Phys.org

New Center of Microbiome Science is in the works at Ohio State – Emily Caldwell – Ohio State University News

Common diseases may be communicable through microbiome, says UBC researcher – Stephanie Blain – The Ubyssey

The microbes in your mouth, and a reminder to floss and go to the dentist – Science Daily

For Your Microbiome, How You Eat Could Be As Important As What You Eat – Technology Networks

Study: Infectious gut bacteria may predict UTI risk – Sue Treiman – Cornell Chronicle

The Best Way to Avoid Getting Sick Is to Wash Your Hands — But You’re Probably Doing It Wrong – Bojana Galic – Live Strong

Microbes on the market

DuPont carries on microbiome momentum with metabolic disease collaboration – Will Chu – Nutraingredients

Non-microbiology picks

Invest 5% of research funds in ensuring data are reusable – Barend Mons – Nature

 

February 18, 2020

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Highlights for today’s Digest: a study takes us deep into bacterial community of the dermal compartment of the skin, skin microbiota predicts chronological age most accurately, and a review on network analyses using multi-omics data. Enjoy!

General microbiology

A biphasic growth model for cell pole elongation in mycobacteria – Mélanie T. M. Hannebelle et al. – Nature Communications

Press: Bacteria under the microscope: A new growth model for tuberculosis – Lionel Pousaz, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne – Phys.org

Metabolic dependencies govern microbial syntrophies during methanogenesis in an anaerobic digestion ecosystem – Xinyu Zhu et al. – Microbiome

Antimicrobial resistance

Stepwise evolution and convergent recombination underlie the global dissemination of carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli – afael Patiño-Navarrete et al. – Genome Medicine

Pregnancy and early life

The effect of legume supplementation on the gut microbiota in rural Malawian infants aged 6 to 12 months – M Isabel Ordiz et al. – The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Human skin microbiome

** Universal Dermal Microbiome in Human Skin – Lene Bay et al. – mBio

Human cancer microbiome

Opinion: The Cancer Microbiome: Distinguishing Direct and Indirect Effects Requires a Systemic View – Joao B. Xavier et al. – Trends in Cancer

Human gut microbiome

Interactions between the gut microbiome and host gene regulation in cystic fibrosis – Gargi Dayama et al. – Genome Medicine

Human multi-site microbiome

Review: Blood Microbiota and Circulating Microbial Metabolites in Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease – Ganesan Velmurugan et al. – Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism

** Human Skin, Oral, and Gut Microbiomes Predict Chronological Age – Shi Huang et al. – mSystems

Press: Human Skin, Oral Microbiomes Can Estimate People’s Ages to Within Few Years – GenomeWeb

Animal experiments

Self-reinoculation with fecal flora changes microbiota density and composition leading to an altered bile-acid profile in the mouse small intestine – Said R. Bogatyrev et al. – Microbiome

Mouse: It’s the fiber, not the fat: significant effects of dietary challenge on the gut microbiome – Kathleen E. Morrison et al. – Microbiome

Animal microbiome

Trait-Based Comparison of Coral and Sponge Microbiomes – Cara L. Fiore et al. – Scientific Reports

Plant, root and soil microbiome

Functional relationships between aboveground and belowground spinach (Spinacia oleracea L., cv. Racoon) microbiomes impacted by salinity and drought – A. Mark Ibekwe et al. – Science of the Total Environment

Water and extremophile microbiome

Constraints on microbial communities, decomposition and methane production in deep peat deposits – Laurel A. Kluber et al. – PLoS One

Machine learning-aided analyses of thousands of draft genomes reveal specific features of activated sludge processes – Lin Ye et al. – Microbiome

Phages and viruses

Pearls: Virus interactions with bacteria: Partners in the infectious dance – Ursula Neu & Bernardo A. Mainou – PLoS Pathogens

Coronavirus: hospitals must learn from past pandemics – Nahid Bhadelia – Nature

Review: Phage diversity, genomics and phylogeny – Moïra B. Dion et al. – Nature Reviews Microbiology

Technology

Uncovering a hidden diversity: optimized protocols for the extraction of dsDNA bacteriophages from soil – Pauline C. Göller et al. – Microbiome

Review: Combining omics technologies with CRISPR-based genome editing to study food microbes – Meichen Pan & Rodolphe Barrangou – Current Opinion in Biotechnology

Complete, closed bacterial genomes from microbiomes using nanopore sequencing – Eli L. Moss et al. – Nature Biotechnology

Press: Closing bacterial genomes from the human gut microbiome using long-read sequencing – Dylan Maghini – Nature Bioengineering Community

Bioinformatics

A pipeline for targeted metagenomics of environmental bacteria – Anissa Grieb et al. Microbiome

** Review: Network analyses in microbiome based on high-throughput multi-omics data – Zhaoqian Liu et al. – Briefings in Bioinformatics

Microbes in the news

Getting the Band (of Microbes) Back Together – Jessica Messier – Worcester Polytechnic Institute

Gut microbe imbalance may stunt CF babies’ growth – Leila Gray – University of Washington

The Big Idea: The Microbiome – Purdue University

Moscow’s Subway Microbiome Looks Similar to that of New York’s – GenEngNews

A guide to caring for the Indian gut – Cherylann Mollan – Hindustan Times
 

February 12, 2020

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This Wednesday, read about the microbiome in “flammable ice”, gastric bypass surgery in a rat model, virulence genes of the coral reef phage, and more. Happy reading!

Gut microbiome

Changes in microbiome and metabolomic profiles of fecal samples stored with stabilizing solution at room temperature: a pilot study– Mi Young Lim — Scientific Reports

Fecal microbiota transplantation to maintain remission in Crohn’s disease: a pilot randomized controlled study – Harry Soko – Microbiome

Identification of Clostridioides difficile-Inhibiting Gut Commensals Using Culturomics, Phenotyping, and Combinatorial Community Assembly – Sudeep Ghimire – mySystems

Neonatal microbiota development and the effect of early life antibiotics are determined by two distinct settler types – Anat Eck – plosOne

Oral Microbiome

Patterns of Oral Microbiota Diversity in Adults and Children: A Crowdsourced Population Study – Zachary M. Burcham – Scientific Reports

Sub-species niche specialization in the oral microbiome is associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma risk – Justine W. Debelius – bioRxiv

Animal experiments

*Gastric bypass surgery in a rat model alters the community structure and functional composition of the intestinal microbiota independently of weight loss – Sven-Bastiaan Haange – Microbiome

Growth phase-dependent responses of an in vitro gut microbiome to metformin – Zikai Hao – bioRxiv

Ursolic acid improves the bacterial community mapping of the intestinal tract in liver fibrosis mice – Sizhe Wan – bioRxiv

Animal microbiome

Beef cattle that respond differently to fescue toxicosis have distinct gastrointestinal tract microbiota – Lucas R Koester – bioRxiv

Variation in gut bacterial composition is associated with Haemonchus contortus parasite infection of sheep – Md. Abdullah Al Mamun – Animal microbiome

Water microbiome

Microbial diversity, ecological networks and functional traits associated to materials used in drinking water distribution systems – Isabel Douterelo – Water Research

Diverse Arctic lake sediment microbiota shape methane emission temperature sensitivity – Joanne B. Emerson – bioRxiv

Coral microbiome composition along the northern Red Sea suggests high plasticity of bacterial and specificity of endosymbiotic dinoflagellate communities – Eslam O. Osman – Microbiome

Extremophile microbiome

*Evidence in the Japan Sea of microdolomite mineralization within gas hydrate microbiomes – Glen T. Snyder – Scientific Reports

Textile waste and microplastic induce activity and development of unique hydrocarbon-degrading marine bacterial communities – Elsa B. Girard – bioRxiv

Plant/root/soil microbiome

Maize (Zea mays L. Sp.) varieties significantly influence bacterial and fungal community in bulk soil, rhizosphere soil, and phyllosphere – Xiao Kong – FEMS Microbiology Ecology

A Small Effort for Researchers, a Big Gain for Soil Metaproteomics– Marco Chiapello – Frontiers in Microbiology

Viruses and phages

*Genomic and ecological attributes of marine bacteriophages encoding bacterial virulence genes – Cynthia B. Silveira – BMC Genomics

Profiling of Human Gut Virome with Oxford Nanopore Technology – Jiabao Cao – bioRxiv

Bioinformatics

MICHELINdb: a web-based tool for mining of helminth-microbiota interaction datasets, and a meta-analysis of current research – Riccardo Scotti – Microbiome

Antibiotic resistance- can reducing outpatient prescription help?

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Antibiotic resistance is increasing at a rapid rate making pathogens and other bacterial species resistant to currently available antibiotics. Its impact is already visible globally and clock is ticking faster than ever pushing scientists all over the world to develop better antibiotics with higher specificity (only!) for pathogens. Antibiotic consumption is directly related to antibiotic resistance and policies across the continents are underway to control the consumption and prescription of antibiotics.

A recent article in elife introduces the problem of unnecessary antibiotic use and provides data to avert it.

“Inappropriate antibiotic use leads to increased risk of adverse events, disruption of colonization resistance and other benefits of the microbial flora, and bystander selection for antibiotic resistance, with little to no health gains for the patient.”

To address the problem, Christine et al. used publically available data (NAMCS/NHAMCS) and mathematical models to find what would happen if antibiotic consumption is averted in hypothetical scenarios.

What they did?
“The analysis included sixteen antibiotics that are frequently prescribed in the outpatient setting and nine potentially pathogenic bacterial species that are commonly carried in the normal human microbiome. For each antibiotic-species pair, they estimated the proportion of antibiotic exposures experienced by that species that could be averted under four hypothetical scenarios.

1) Eliminate unnecessary antibiotic use across all outpatient conditions.
2) Eliminate all antibiotic use for outpatient respiratory conditions for which antibiotics are not indicated.
3) Eliminate all antibiotic use for acute sinusitis.
4) Prescribe nitrofurantoin* for all cases of cystitis in women.”

“*Nitrofurantoin- a recommended first-line therapy with good potency against common uropathogens, low levels of resistance, and decreased risk of collateral damage to the intestinal microbiome”

Results

Picture1

Heatmaps showing the estimated percentage of species exposures to each antibiotic or antibiotic class that could be averted if A: unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions across all outpatient conditions, B: all antibiotic use for outpatient respiratory conditions for which antibiotics are not indicated, C: all antibiotic use for acute sinusitis, or D: non-nitrofurantoin treatment of cystitis in women was eliminated. Drug class results include prescriptions of all antibiotics in that class, as identified by the Lexicon Plus classification system.
Abbreviations: Antibiotics (y-axis): AMX-CLAV=amoxicillin-clavulanate,, MACR/LINC=macrolides/lincosamides, TMP-SMX=sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim;

Organisms (x-axis): EC=E. coli, HI=H. influenzae, KP=K. pneumoniae, MC=M. catarrhalis, PA=P. aeruginosa, SA=S. aureus, SAg=S. agalactiae, SP=S. pneumoniae, SPy=S. pyogenes; PY=person-years

The darker shades in panel A (scenario 1) clearly indicated that “elimination of unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions across all outpatient conditions would prevent 6 to 48% (IQR: 17 to 31%) of antibiotic-species exposures. If all unnecessary antibiotic use could be prevented, over 30% of exposures to amoxicillin-clavulanate, penicillin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, levofloxacin, and doxycycline across most potential pathogens of interest could be averted.”

In panel D (scenario 4), they found that prescribing nitrofurantoin not only averted antibiotic exposure in non-causative bacterial species (bystanders) but also in causative species for cystitis in women.
“Overall, 27% of ciprofloxacin use is associated with acute cystitis in women. Organisms that are not causative pathogens of cystitis have proportions of avertable exposures close to or less than 27%, but a substantially higher proportion of exposures could be averted among causative pathogens – 33%, 36%, and 44% of ciprofloxacin exposures to E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and P. aeruginosa, respectively.”

The study addresses the limitations with regard to data availability and reporting in public database. Authors are cautious and point out,

“It is important to note that the reduction in antibiotic exposures estimated here does not translate to the same reduction in the prevalence of resistance or in the morbidity and mortality attributable to resistance. Additionally, in this analysis, we give each exposure equal weight. However, the selective pressure imposed by a single exposure depends on a number of variables, including pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, distribution of bacteria across body sites, and bacterial population size. For example, we might expect that the probability of resistance scales with population size, and thus that an exposure received by an individual with higher bacterial load will have a larger impact on resistance.”

Overall, this study indeed provides evidence that “improved prescription of antibiotics has the potential to prevent antibiotic exposure experienced by bacterial species throughout microbiome.”

February 2, 2020

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Have a nice Sunday! Today, in this Digest we have several papers about the relationship between the microbiome and different neurological/psychological conditions, such as ASD, depression or anxiety, or about the microbiome and the inflammatory bowel disease. Enjoy!

 

Human and General Microbiome

Review: Host-microbiota interactions in inflammatory bowel disease – Roberta Caruso – Nature Reviews Immunology 

Review: Considering gut microbiota in treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus – Aneseh Adeshirlarijaney – Gut Microbes

Review: Gut Dysbiosis Dysregulates Central and Systemic Homeostasis via Suboptimal Mitochondrial Function: Assessment, Treatment and Classification Implications – George Anderson – Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry

Book Chapter: Immune-Kynurenine Pathways and the Gut Microbiota-Brain Axis in Anxiety Disorders – Alper Evrensel – Anxiety Disorders 

Book Chapter: Autism and Gut-Brain Axis: Role of Probiotics – Saravana Babu Chidambaram – Personalized Food Intervention and Therapy for Autism Spectrum Disorder Management

Review: Microbial-Based and Microbial-Targeted Therapies for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases – Akihiko Oka – Digestive Diseases and Sciences

Precision Microbiome Modulation with Discrete Dietary Fiber Structures Directs Short-Chain Fatty Acid Production – Edward C. Deehan – Cell Host and Microbe

Urinary microbiome in uncomplicated and interstitial cystitis: is there any similarity? – Süleyman Yıldırım – World Journal of Urology

The gut microbiota response to helminth infection depends on host sex and genotype – Fei Ling – The ISME Journal 

Metabolism of multiple glycosaminoglycans by Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron is orchestrated by a versatile core genetic locus – Didier Ndeh – Nature Communications

Gestational diabetes and the human salivary microbiota: a longitudinal study during pregnancy and postpartum – Mie K. W. Crusell – BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 

Vaginal dysbiosis associated-bacteria Megasphaera elsdenii and Prevotella timonensis induce immune activation via dendritic cells – Nienke H.van Teijlingen – Journal of Reproductive Immunology

Variability in Skin Microbiota between Smokers, Former Smokers, and Non-Smokers – Katherine G. Thompson – Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

Microbiota changes and Intestinal Microbiota Transplantation in Liver Diseases and Cirrhosis – Jasmohan S. Bajaj – Journal of Hepatology

Host-Specific Evolutionary and Transmission Dynamics Shape the Functional Diversification of Staphylococcus epidermidis in Human Skin – Wei Zhou – Cell

 

Animal Microbiome and Animal Experiments

Effect of probiotic administration on gut microbiota and depressive behaviors in mice – Quan Feng Liu – DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Deciphering the bifidobacterial population within the canine and feline gut microbiota – Giulia Alessandri – Applied and Environmental Microbiology

Dissecting the factors shaping fish skin microbiomes in a heterogeneous inland water system – Yaron Krotman – Microbiome

Prenatal exposure to glufosinate ammonium disturbs gut microbiome and induces behavioral abnormalities in mice – Tianyu Dong – Journal of Hazardous Materials

High prevalence of Phasi Charoen-like virus from wild-caught Aedes aegypti in Grenada, W.I. as revealed by metagenomic analysis – Maria E. Ramos-Nino – PLoS ONE

Common structuring principles of the Drosophila melanogaster microbiome on a continental scale and between host and substrate – Yun Wang – Environmental Microbiology Reports

Community assembly of the native C. elegans microbiome is influenced by time, substrate, and individual bacterial taxa – Julia Johnke – Environmental Microbiology 

 

Environmental Microbiome

Patterns of local, intercontinental and inter-seasonal variation of soil bacterial and eukaryotic microbial communities – Johan De Gruyter – FEMS Microbiology Ecology

Dynamics and ecological distributions of the Archaea microbiome from inland saline lakes (Monegros Desert, Spain) – Mateu Menéndez-Serra – FEMS Microbiology Ecology

 

January 10, 2020

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In today’s weekend post- maternal antibodies targeting microbiota protect mice from neonatal infection, exercise improves gestational diabetes in rodent models, bacterial signature in NAFLD and TMAO as negative predictor of human embryo quality. Happy reading and a nice weekend!

General microbiome

Adolescence and aging: impact of adolescence inflammatory stress and microbiota alterations on brain development, aging and neurodegeneration – Nour Yahfoufi – The Journal of Geronotology

Preclinical and clinical relevance of probiotics and synbiotics in colorectal carcinogenesis: a systematic review – Bruna C.S. Cruz – Nutrition Reviews

Gut microbiota: a new piece in understanding hepatocarcinogenesis – An Zhou – Cancer Letters

Gut Microbiota, Diet, and Chronic Diseases: The Role Played by Oxidative Stress – Elisardo C. Vasquez – Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

New insights on the colonization of the human gut by health-promoting bacteria – Sinead T. Morrin – Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology

Human microbiome

Salivary microbiota and inflammation‐related proteins in patients with psoriasis – Daniel Belstrøm – Oral Diseases

Oral butyrate does not affect innate immunity and islet autoimmunity in individuals with longstanding type 1 diabetes: a randomised controlled trial – Pieter F. de Groot – Diabetologia

Fusobacterium nucleatum in the colorectum, and its association with cancer risk and survival: a systematic review and meta-analysis – Christian Gethings-Behncke – Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention

Potential impact of removing metronidazole from treatment armamentarium of mild acute Clostridioides difficile infection – Shani Zilberman-Itskovich – Future Medicine

Intrahepatic bacterial metataxonomic signature in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease – Silvia Sookoian – Gut

Microbial imbalance in inflammatory bowel disease patients at different taxonomic levels – Mohammad Tauqeer Alam – Gut Pathogens

Early life microbiota

Antibiotic Resistance Genes in the Gut Microbiota of Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder as Possible Predictors of the Disease – Alexey S. Kovtun – Microbial Drug Resistance

Trimethylamine-N-oxide is present in human follicular fluid and is a negative predictor of embryo quality – R.A.Nagy – Human Reproduction

Animal experiments

Microbiota-targeted maternal antibodies protect neonates from enteric infection – Wen Zheng – Nature

Characterization of metabolic and inflammatory profiles of transition dairy cows fed an energy-restricted diet – Giulia Esposito – Journal of Animal Science

Microbiota dependent production of butyrate is required for the bone anabolic activity of PTH – Jau-Yi Li – Journal of Clinical Investigation

Betaine addition as a potent ruminal fermentation modulator under hyperthermal and hyperosmotic conditions in vitro – Mubarik Mahmood – Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture

Investigating temporal microbial dynamics in the rumen of beef calves raised on two farms during early life – Eóin O’Hara – FEMS Microbial Ecology

Dietary Xanthan Gum Alters Antibiotic Efficacy against the Murine Gut Microbiota and Attenuates Clostridioides difficile Colonization – Matthew K. Schnizlein – mSphere

Post‐natal co‐development of the microbiota and gut barrier function follows different paths in the small and large intestine in piglets – Alexis Pierre Arnaud – Faseb Journal

Phellinus linteus polysaccharide extract improves insulin resistance by regulating gut microbiota composition – Yangyang Liu – Faseb Journal

Exercise improves metabolic function and alters the microbiome in rats with gestational diabetes – Dayana Mahizir – Faseb Journal

Microbial reconstitution reverses early female puberty induced by maternal high-fat diet during lactation – Mengjie Wang – Endocrinology

Fecal microbiota as a noninvasive biomarker to predict the tissue iron accumulation in intestine epithelial cells and liver – Bingdong Liu – Faseb Journal

Techniques

Systematic Analysis of Impact of Sampling Regions and Storage Methods on Fecal Gut Microbiome and Metabolome Profiles – Yali Liang – mSphere

January 8, 2020

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Today’s digest features a retrospective mini-review of mothur, study on gut microbiomes of over 900 vertebrate species [Spoiler alert: birds and bats share similarities in their microbiome], findings of fifteen-thousand-year-old viruses in glacier ice, and more. Happy reading!

Gut microbiome

Recording mobile DNA in the gut microbiota using an Escherichia coli CRISPR-Cas spacer acquisition platform – Christian Munck – Nature Communications

Microbial imbalance in inflammatory bowel disease patients at different taxonomic levels – Mohammad Tauqeer Alam – Gut Pathogens

Gut dysbiosis induces the development of pre-eclampsia through bacterial translocation– Xia Chen – Gut

Analysis of gut microbiota of obese individuals with type 2 diabetes and healthy individuals – Aftab Ahmad – PlosOne

Alterations of human lung and gut microbiome in non-small cell lung carcinomas and distant metastasis – Hui Lu – bioRxiv

The interplay between host genetics and the gut microbiome reveals common and distinct microbiome features for human complex diseases – Fengzhe Xu – bioRxiv

Oral microbiome

Acquisition of Oral Microbiota is Driven by Environment, Not Host Genetics – Chiranjit Mukherjee – bioRxiv

Animal microbiome

*Comparative Analyses of Vertebrate Gut Microbiomes Reveal Convergence between Birds and Bats– Se Jin Song – mBio

Comparative Genomics of Rumen Butyrivibrio spp. Uncovers a Continuum of Polysaccharide-Degrading Capabilities – Nikola Palevich – Applied and Environmental Microbiology

Inside out: microbiota dynamics during host-plant adaptation of whiteflies – Diego Santos-Garcia – The ISME Journal

Blood Loss Leads to Increase in Relative Abundance of Opportunistic Pathogens in the Gut Microbiome of Rabbits – Junjie Yang – Current Microbiology

Probiotics

In Vitro Probiotic Potential of Hemophilin-producing Strains of Haemophilus haemolyticus – Brianna Atto – bioRxiv

Quantifying and engineering mucus adhesion of probiotics – Zachary J. S. Mays – bioRxiv

Plant/root/soil microbiome

Temporal and spatial changes in phyllosphere microbiome of acacia trees growing in super arid environments – Ashraf Al-Ashhab – bioRxiv

Secreted metabolite-mediated interactions between rhizosphere bacteria and Trichoderma biocontrol agents – Ningxiao Li – PlosOne

Water microbiome

Quantification of nosZ genes and transcripts in activated sludge microbiomes with novel group-specific qPCR methods validated with metagenomic analyses – Daehyun Daniel Kim – bioRxiv

Viruses

*Glacier ice archives fifteen-thousand-year-old viruses – Zhi-Ping Zhong – bioRxiv

Meeting report: Viruses in the Built Environment (VIBE) meeting report – Aaron J. Prussin – Microbiome

Bioinformatics

*Minireview: Reintroducing mothur: 10 Years Later – Patrick D. Schloss – Applied and Environmental Microbiology

FunGeCo : A web based tool for estimation of Functional potential of bacterial genomes and microbiomes using Gene Context information – Swadha Anand – Bioinformatics

December 27, 2019

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Today’s Digest brings you a report linking gut microbiota and metabolites, a study on dishwasher rubber as a bacterial reservoir, a news piece for your guide to probiotics, and many more. If we don’t see you again in 2019, Happy New Year! May 2020 bring much success and happiness!

General microbiology

Preprint: The Microbe Directory v2.0: An Expanded Database of Ecological and Phenotypical Features of Microbes – Maria A. Sierra et al. – bioRxiv

A novel graph theoretical approach for modeling microbiomes and inferring microbial ecological relationships – Suyeon Kim et al. – BMC Genomics

Antimicrobial resistance

Preprint: Longitudinal linked read sequencing reveals ecological and evolutionary responses of a human gut microbiome during antibiotic treatment – Morteza Roodgar et al. – bioRxiv

Human oral microbiome

Re-initiation of Oral Food Intake Following Enteral Nutrition Alters Oral and Gut Microbiota Communities – Sayaka Katagiri et al. – Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

Human respiratory microbiome

Microbiome in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Role of Natural Products Against Microbial Pathogens – Alessia Santoro et al. – Current Medicinal Chemistry

Human gut microbiome

Comparison of Japanese and Indian intestinal microbiota shows diet-dependent interaction between bacteria and fungi – Siddhika Pareek et al. – npj Biofilms and Microbiomes

Review: The influence of dietary patterns on gut microbiome and its consequences for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease – Qing-Song Zhang et al. – Trends in Food Science and Technology

** Relationship between gut microbiota and circulating metabolites in population-based cohorts – Dina Vojinovic et al. – Nature Communications

Human gut microbiota is associated with HIV-reactive immunoglobulin at baseline and following HIV vaccination – Jacob A. Cram et al. – PLoS One

Preprint: The interplay between host genetics and the gut microbiome reveals common and distinct microbiome features for human complex diseases – Fengzhe Xu & Yuanqing Fu et al. – bioRxiv

Effect of Helicobacter pylori on gastrointestinal microbiota: a population-based study in Linqu, a high-risk area of gastric cancer – Yang Guo et al. – Gut

Human gut-microbiome-brain axis

The relationship between the gut microbiome and mild cognitive impairment in patients without dementia: a cross-sectional study conducted in Japan – Naoki Saji et al. – Scientific Reports

Synergistic effects of APOE and sex on the gut microbiome of young EFAD transgenic mice – Juan Maldonado Weng et al. – Molecular Neurodegeneration

Metabolomics

Tech Note: Boost that metabolomic confidence – Vivien Marx – Nature Methods

The total microbiome functions in bacteria and fungi – Robert Starke et al. – Journal of Proteomics

Animal experiments

Allergic inflammation alters the lung microbiome and hinders synergistic co-infection with H1N1 influenza virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae in C57BL/6 mice – Kim S. LeMessurier et al. – Scientific Reports

Jatrorrhizine Balances the Gut Microbiota and Reverses Learning and Memory Deficits in APP/PS1 transgenic mice – Sheng Wang et al. – Scientific Reports

The impact of gut microbiota manipulation with antibiotics on colon tumorigenesis in a murine model – Jae Gon Lee et al. – PLoS One

Maternal milk and fecal microbes guide the spatiotemporal development of mucosa-associated microbiota and barrier function in the porcine neonatal gut – Hongbin Liu et al. – BMC Biology

Built environment microbiome

** The dishwasher rubber seal acts as a reservoir of bacteria in the home environment – Jerneja Zupančič et al. – BMC Microbiology

Plant, root and soil microbiome

Development of microbial communities in organochlorine pesticide contaminated soil: A post-reclamation perspective – Helga E.Balázs et al. – Applied Soil Ecology

Towards simple tools to assess functional effects of contaminants on natural microbial and invertebrate sediment communities – Stéphane Pesce et al. – Environmental Science and Pollution Research

Core rhizosphere microbiomes of dryland wheat are influenced by location and land-use history – Daniel C Schlatter et al. – Applied and Environmental Microbiology

Water and extremophile microbiome

Single molecule sequencing reveals response of manganese-oxidizing microbiome to different biofilter media in drinking water systems – Xin Zhao et al. – Water Research

Prokaryotic Population Dynamics and Viral Predation in a Marine Succession Experiment Using Metagenomics – Jose M. Haro-Moreno et al. – Frontiers in Microbiology

Phages and viruses

News & Views: Phages build anti-defence barriers – Eugene V. Koonin & Mart Krupovic – Nature Microbiology

Microbes in the news

The Best Thing That Happened This Week: Dogs Rule Because They Drool – Sandy Hingston – Philadelphia Magazine

** A guide to the best probiotics – Louisa Richards/Katherine Marengo – Medical News Today

Having a Dog as a Child Is Tied to a Lower Risk of Schizophrenia as an Adult – Nicholas Bakalar – New York Times

Expanding virophage diversity – DOE/Joint Genome Institute

Microbes on the market

Carbiotix to partner with Italian university on neuroinflammation project – Nathan Gray – Nutraingredients

Human Microbiome Market is Expected to Touch US$ 1888.9 Mn by 2026 – Sheila Shipman – News Cast Report

The next frontier – Aaron Massecar – Today’s Veterinary Business

December 23, 2019

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In today’s digest read about the subway microbiome (from surface and air samples collected at 16 subway stations in Oslo, Norway), role of Staphylococcus epidermidis in healthy maturation of the nasal microbiome, effect of storage and time on urinary microbiome, and more. Happy Holidays!

General microbiome

The emergence of microbiome centres – Jennifer B. H. Martiny – Nature Microbiology

Subway microbiome

*The subway microbiome: seasonal dynamics and direct comparison of air and surface bacterial communities– Jostein Gohli – Microbiome

Gut microbiome

Engineered E. coli Nissle 1917 for the delivery of matrix-tethered therapeutic domains to the gut– Pichet Praveschotinunt – Nature Communications

Urinary microbiome

*The urinary microbiota composition remains stable over time and under various storage conditions – Caspar Bundgaard-Nielsen – bioRxiv

Vaginal microbiome

Review: Genetic Heterogeneity and Taxonomic Diversity among Gardnerella Species – Joana Castro – Trends in Microbiology

Nasal microbiome

*Staphylococcus epidermidis Contributes to Healthy Maturation of the Nasal Microbiome by Stimulating Antimicrobial Peptide Production – Qian Liu – Cell Host & Microbes

Animal microbiome

Characterization of the Pig Gut Microbiome and Antibiotic Resistome in Industrialized Feedlots in China – Chunlai Wang – mSystems

Animal experiments

Altered microbiota composition reflects enhanced communication in 15q11-13 CNV mice– Dian Eurike Septyaningtrias – Neuroscience Research

Plant/root/soil microbiome

Time after Time: Temporal Variation in the Effects of Grass and Forb Species on Soil Bacterial and Fungal Communities – S. Emilia Hannula – mBio

Habitat filtering shapes the differential structure of microbial communities in the Xilingol grassland– Jie Yang – Scientific Reports

Water microbiome

Metagenomic Insights into the Effects of Seasonal Temperature Variation on the Activities of Activated Sludge– Chenbing Ai – Microorganisms

Viruses

Plant virome reconstruction and antiviral RNAi characterization by deep sequencing of small RNAs from dried leaves – Victor Golyaev – Scientific Reports

Bioinformatics

Identifying the causes and consequences of assembly gaps using a multiplatform genome assembly of a bird-of-paradise – Valentina Peona – bioRxiv

Transcriptome assembly from long-read RNA-seq alignments with StringTie2– Sam Kovaka – Genome Biology

Deconvoluting the diversity of within-host pathogen strains in a multi-locus sequence typing framework – Guo Liang Gan – BMC Bioinformatics

The Generalized Matrix Decomposition Biplot and Its Application to Microbiome Data – Yue Wang – mSystems