Category Archives: Microbial Ecology

December 16, 2014

Posted on by

Pregnancy and birth

* The establishment of the infant intestinal microbiome is not affected by rotavirus vaccination – Li Ang – Scientific Reports

In pregnant women: Gut Microbiota as an Epigenetic Regulator: Pilot Study Based on Whole-Genome Methylation Analysis – Himanshu Kumar – mBio

Human skin and hair microbiome

* Molecular characterization of the skin fungal microbiome in patients with psoriasis – Akemi Takemoto – The Journal of Dermatology

* Metagenomic analyses of bacteria on human hairs: a qualitative assessment for applications in forensic science – Silvana R Tridico – Investigative Genetics

Human oral microbiome

Oral Streptococci and Nitrite-Mediated Interference of Pseudomonas aeruginosa – Jessica A. Scoffield and Hui Wu – Infection and Immunity

Antimicrobial effect of lemongrass oil against oral malodour micro-organisms and the pilot study of safety and efficacy of lemongrass mouthrinse on oral malodour – P. Satthanakul – Journal of Applied Microbiology

Human respiratory microbiome

The adult nasopharyngeal microbiome as a determinant of pneumococcal acquisition – Amelieke JH Cremers – Microbiome Journal

Human gut microbiome

Shaping the gut microbiome – Linda Koch – Nature Reviews Microbiology

A viral understudy for commensal bacteria – Yvonne Bordon – Nature Reviews Microbiology

* Impacts of infection with different toxigenic Clostridium difficile strains on faecal microbiota in children – Zongxin Ling – Scientific Reports

Gut Microbiota as an Epigenetic Regulator: Pilot Study Based on Whole-Genome Methylation Analysis – Himanshu Kumar – mBio

Dietary effects on human gut microbiome diversity – Zhenjiang Xua and Rob Knight – British Journal of Nutrition

Host Demise as a Beneficial Function of Indigenous Microbiota in Human Hosts – Martin J. Blaser and Glenn F. Webb – mBio

Editorial for special issue of CMI: Faecal transplantation and infectious diseases practitioners – D. Raoult – Clinical Microbiology and Infection

Review: Dysbiotic Events in Gut Microbiota: Impact on Human Health – Serena Schippa and Maria Pia Conte – Nutrients

Animal and other models of microbiome research

A Winogradsky-based culture system shows an association between microbial fermentation and cystic fibrosis exacerbation – Robert A Quinn – ISME Journal

Whole Grain Oats Improve Insulin Sensitivity and Plasma Cholesterol Profile and Modify Gut Microbiota Composition in C57BL/6J Mice – Albert Lihong Zhou – Journal of Nutrition

The Antipsychotic Olanzapine Interacts with the Gut Microbiome to Cause Weight Gain in Mouse – Andrew P. Morgan – PLOS ONE

Genetically identical co-housed pigs as models for dietary studies of gut microbiomes –
Fang Yang – Microbiome Science and Medicine

Animal microbiome

Changes in the faecal microbiota of mares precede the development of post partum colic – J. S. Weese – Equine Veterinary Journal

Succession and Replacement of Bacterial Populations in the Caecum of Egg Laying Hens over Their Whole Life – Petra Videnska – PLOS ONE

 

* Adult blood-feeding tsetse flies, trypanosomes, microbiota and the fluctuating environment in sub-Saharan Africa – Anne Geiger – ISME Journal

Spatial and Temporal Features of the Growth of a Bacterial Species Colonizing the Zebrafish Gut – Matthew Jemielita – mBio

Functional genomics and microbiome profiling of the Asian longhorned beetle (Anoplophora glabripennis) reveal insights into the digestive physiology and nutritional ecology of wood feeding beetles – Erin D Scully – BMC Genomics

 

Bacteria–bacteria interactions within the microbiota of the ancestral metazoan Hydra contribute to fungal resistance – Sebastian Fraune – ISME Journal

Plant microbiome

Local-scale biogeography and spatiotemporal variability in communities of mycorrhizal fungi – Mohammad Bahram – New Phytologist

Emergence shapes the structure of the seed-microbiota – Matthieu Barret – Applied and Environmental Microbiology

Bacterial communities in the phylloplane of Prunus species – Yeonhwa Jo – Journal of Basic Microbiology

Changes in rhizospheric microbial community structure and function during the natural recovery of abandoned cropland on the Loess Plateau, China – Chao Zhang – Ecological Engineering

Climate-induced die-off affects plant–soil–microbe ecological relationship and functioning – Francisco Lloret – FEMS Microbiology Ecology

Leaf-inhabiting endophytic yeasts are abundant but unevenly distributed in three Ficus species from botanical garden greenhouses in Germany – Michael Jay L. Solis – Mycological Progress

Soil and sediment microbiome

Succession of Bacterial Community Structure and Diversity in Soil along a Chronosequence of Reclamation and Re-Vegetation on Coal Mine Spoils in China – Yuanyuan Li – PLOS ONE

Soil microbial communities identify organic amendments for use during oil sands reclamation – M.L. Béass – Ecological Engineering

Forest canopy structural controls over throughfall affect soil microbial community structure in an epiphyte-laden maritime oak stand – Carl Rosier – Ecohydrology

Pyrosequencing revealed highly microbial phylogenetic diversity in ferromanganese nodules from farmland – Min Hu – Environ Sci Processes Impacts

Seasonal dynamics of bacterial and archaeal methanogenic communities in flooded rice fields and effect of drainage – Björn Breidenbach1 and Ralf Conrad – Frontiers in Microbiology

Variations of Bacterial Community Structure and Composition in Mangrove Sediment at Different Depths in Southeastern Brazil – Lucas William Mendes – Diversity

Invasive dreissenid mussels and benthic algae in Lake Michigan: characterizing effects on sediment bacterial communities – Philip O. Lee – FEMS Microbiology Ecology

Plant assemblage composition and soil P concentration differentially affect communities of AM and total fungi in a semi-arid grassland – Rim Klabi – FEMS Microbiology Ecology

Bacterial and Archaeal Communities in Sediments of the North Chinese Marginal Seas
Jiwen Liu – Microbial Ecology

Microbial community composition and diversity in Caspian Sea sediments – Nagissa Mahmoudi – FEMS Microbiology Ecology

Priming of the decomposition of ageing soil organic matter: concentration dependence and microbial control – Johannes Rousk – Functional Ecology

Influence of spoil type on afforestation success and natural vegetative recolonization on a surface coal mine in Appalachia, United States – Kenton Sena – Restoration Ecology

Water microbiome

Bacterial community responses to a gradient of alkaline mountaintop mine drainage in Central Appalachian streams – Raven L Bier – The ISME Journal

Big answers from small worlds: a user’s guide for protist microcosms as a model system in ecology and evolution – Florian Altermatt – Methods in Ecology and Evolution

Spatial scales of bacterial community diversity at cold seeps (Eastern Mediterranean Sea) – Petra Pop Ristova – ISME Journal

The effects of oil pollution on Antarctic benthic diatom communities over 5 years – R. Polmear – Marine Pollution Bulletin

Bacterial community dynamics in a swine wastewater anaerobic reactor revealed by 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis – An-Chi Liu – Journal of Biotechnology

Food microbiology

Antimicrobial activity of hop extracts against foodborne pathogens for meat applications – B. Kramer – Journal of Applied Microbiology

Molecular and enological characterization of Touriga Nacional non-Saccharomyces yeasts – Andreia Teixeira – Journal of Applied Microbiology

Metabolomics

Intra- and inter-species interactions in microbial communities – Luis R. Comolli – Frontiers in Microbiology

Metabolomic Pattern Analysis after Mediterranean Diet Intervention in a Nondiabetic Population: A 1- and 3-Year Follow-up in the PREDIMED Study – Rosa Vázquez-Fresno – Journal of Proteome Research

A gut microbial metabolite of linoleic acid, 10-hydroxy-cis-12-octadecenoic acid, ameliorates intestinal epithelial barrier impairment partially via GPR40/MEK-ERK pathway – Junki Miyamoto – The Journal of Biological Chemistry

Bioinformatics

IM-TORNADO: A Tool for Comparison of 16S Reads from Paired-End Libraries – Patricio Jeraldo – PLOS ONE

Techniques

Normalization of environmental metagenomic DNA enhances the discovery of under-represented microbial community members – Jean-Baptiste Ramond – Letters in Applied Microbiology

Remediation of pharmaceuticals and personal care products using an aerobic granular sludge sequencing bioreactor and microbial community profiling using Solexa sequencing technology analysis – Xia Zhao – Bioresource Technology

Predicting Bacterial Community Assemblages Using an Artificial Neural Network Approach – Peter Larsen – Artificial Neural Networks

Functional foods

Systematic review of randomized controlled trials of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics in inflammatory bowel disease – Ghouri YA – Clinical and Experimental Gastroenterology

More microbiology

Life in a World without Microbes – Jack A. Gilbert, Josh D. Neufeld – PLOS Biology

Demystifying Escherichia coli pathovars – Kate S. Baker – Nature Reviews Microbiology

Wolbachia small noncoding RNAs and their role in cross-kingdom communications – Jaime G. Mayoral – PNAS USA

How the virophage compels the need to readdress the classification of microbes – Didier Raoult – Virology

Microbes in the news

To Get To The Bottom Of Your Microbiome, Start With A Swab Of Poo – Katherine Harmon Courage – NPR Shots Health News

Seth Bordenstein: Expert to give talk on animal microbiome – Arizona State University

Could a bacterial ‘fingerprint’ solve a sexual assault case? – Rachel Feltman – Washington Post

Oil-Dwelling Bacteria Are Highly Social Creatures, Contrary To Previous Belief – Rebekah Marcarelli – Headlines and Global News

Methane Bursts On Mars Could Hint At Previous Life – Joe Palca – NPR

Bik’s Picks

A 3D Map of the Human Genome at Kilobase Resolution Reveals Principles of Chromatin Looping – Suhas S.P. Rao – Cell

Shift workers ‘sicker and fatter’ – James Gallagher – BBC News

How to turn 4,000 watts of white light into a 45-meter-wide rainbow – Popular Science

How to Bike Home Your Christmas Tree in 11 Simple Steps – Anna Broadway – City Lab

[hr]

Microbiome Digest, December 3, 2014

Posted on by

Pregnancy and birth

Treatment of genital mycoplasma in colonized pregnant women in late pregnancy is associated with a lower rate of premature labour and neonatal complications – M. Vouga – Clinical Microbiology and Infection

Animal models of microbiome research

Early Canine Plaque Biofilms: Characterization of Key Bacterial Interactions Involved in Initial Colonization of Enamel – Lucy J. Holcombe – PLOS ONE

(Rat study) Dietary iron depletion at weaning imprints low microbiome diversity and this is not recovered with oral nano Fe(III) – Dore I. A. Pereira – MicrobiologyOpen

Soil microbiome

* Biology of a widespread uncultivated archaeon that contributes to carbon fixation in the subsurface – Alexander J. Probst – Nature Communications

Metabolomics

Microbiota-dependent metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide is associated with disease severity and survival of patients with chronic heart failure – M. Trøseid – Journal of Internal Medicine

An ontology for microbial phenotypes – Marcus C Chibucos – BMC Microbiology

A chemo-centric view of human health and disease – Miquel Duran-Frigola – Nature Communications

Microbial Ecology

* Evolutionary limits to cooperation in microbial communities – Nuno M. Oliveira – PNAS USA

Microbes in the news

* Microbial Community Data Visualizations survey – Jonathan Eisen – MicroBEnet

* Microbiome: The bacterial tightrope – Katherine Bourzac – Nature

* Seth Bordenstein, Joël Doré, Paul Enck: a three-voice debate about gut microbiota research – Gut Microbiota Watch

Genes & cells: Gut microbes less diverse in humans: Great apes harbor more varied bacterial populations – Tina Hesman Saey – Science News

The nutritionists within: Firebugs depend on gut bacteria for vitamin supply – Phys.org

‘Friendly viruses’ as beneficial to gut health as ‘friendly bacteria’ – Medical News Today

Filth factor of public restrooms doesn’t live up to legends: study – Yahoo News

Fight off the flu with fermented foods – Katie Cavuto – Philly.com

* #BacteriaHysteria: These socks protect feet from bacteria – PhilStar

The Virus Detectives: Sifting Through Genes in Search of Answers on Ebola – Gina Kolata – NY Times

Science, publishing, and career

Harsh reality: Two reports highlight the plight of postdocs on both sides of the pond aiming for academia – Nature

* The automated lab: Start-up firms say robotics and software that autonomously record every detail of an experiment can transform the efficiency and reliability of research – Erika Check Hayden – Nature

* Essay Mills, not really plagiarism, but still disturbing:
Inside the Term Paper Plagiarism for Profit Industry – Joanna Evoniuk – GoLocalPDX

Bik’s Picks

Identification of the remains of King Richard III – Turi E. King – Nature Communications

People search for meaning when they approach a new decade in chronological age – Adam L. Alter – PNAS USA

Koalas Really Do Know Their Eucalyptus Leaves – Chris Pash – BusinessInsider

[hr]

Microbiome digest, November 19, 2014

Posted on by

Skin microbiome of infants, viruses can replace bacteria for proper development of gut anatomy, and Amazon reviews of note.

Human skin microbiome

Evolving Concepts of Neonatal Skin – Carrie C. Coughlin and Alain Taïeb – Pediatric Dermatology

Clinical Approaches to Skin Cleansing of the Diaper Area: Practice and Challenges – Carrie C. Coughlin – Pediatric Dermatology

Psoriasis is not an autoimmune disease? – Lionel Fry – Experimental Dermatology

Animal models of microbiome research

* An enteric virus can replace the beneficial function of commensal bacteria – Elisabeth Kernbauer, Yi Ding & Ken Cadwell – Nature

Microbiology: A backup for bacteria – Yao Wang & Julie K. Pfeiffer – Nature

Animal microbiome

An Experimental Test of whether the Defensive Phenotype of an Aphid Facultative Symbiont Can Respond to Selection within a Host Lineage – Ailsa H.C. McLean – PLOS ONE

Effect of yeast with bacteriocin from rumen bacteria on laying performance, blood biochemistry, faecal microbiota and egg quality of laying hens – H. T. Wang – Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition

* Symbiotic bacteria enable olive flies (Bactrocera oleae) to exploit intractable sources of nitrogen – M. Ben-Yosef – Journal of Evolutionary Biology

Plant microbiome

* Bacterial Endophytic Communities in the Grapevine Depend on Pest Management – Andrea Campisano – PLOS ONE

Metagenomics, transcriptomics

Ecological roles of dominant and rare prokaryotes in acid mine drainage revealed by metagenomics and metatranscriptomics – Zheng-Shuang Hua – ISME Journal

Community transcriptomics reveals unexpected high microbial diversity in acidophilic biofilm communities – Daniela S Aliaga Goltsman – ISME Journal

Ecology

Evolution of species interactions determines microbial community productivity in new environments – Francesca Fiegna – ISME Journal

Microbes in the news

Viruses as a Cure – Carl Zimmer – New York Times

A Lack of Bacteria Can Make You Overweight – Melinda Beck – The Wall Street Journal

Science, publishing and career

* Stereotyping: PhD costume slammed – Nature

* She still needs help from Ken: Amazon reviews trash Barbie computer engineering book – Kevin Allen – Ragan’s PR Daily

Science and Art

This looks more like a genome than a plasmid, but it is pretty: ”Plasmid 29″ – Sandra Culliton – Etsy

Bik’s Picks

A hip-hop state of mind – Akeem Sule, Becky Inkster – The Lancet

 

House Passes Bill That Makes It Harder For Scientists To Advise The EPA – Emily Atkin – Think Progress

Mother’s soothing presence makes pain go away, changes gene activity in infant brain – Science Daily

Science (and Quacks) vs. the Aging Process – Tracey Samuelson – New York Times

Sorting Fact From Fiction and What the Best Science Writing Can Teach Us – Barbara J. King – Time

[hr]

Microbiome digest, November 10, 2014

Posted on by

Pregnancy and birth microbiome

* Intestinal Microbiota is Different in Women with Preterm Birth: Results from Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis – Arihiro Shiozaki – PLOS ONE

Ureaplasma species and Mycoplasma hominis in cervical fluid of pregnancies complicated by preterm prelabor rupture of membranes – Ivana Musilova – Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine

Human respiratory microbiome

Characterization and quantification of the fungal microbiome in serial samples from individuals with cystic fibrosis – Sven D Willger – Microbiome

Human gut microbiome

* The human intestinal microbiome at extreme ages of life. Dietary intervention as a way to counteract alterations – Nuria Salazar – Frontiers in Genetics

Nanosilver-Mediated Change in Human Intestinal Microbiota – Pranab Das – Journal of Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology

Animal microbiome

Bacterial Diversity Dynamics Associated with Different Diets and Different Primer Pairs in the Rumen of Kankrej Cattle – Dipti W. Pitta – PLOS ONE

Think laterally: horizontal gene transfer from symbiotic microbes may extend the phenotype of marine sessile hosts– Sandie M. Degnan – Frontiers in Microbiology

* Temporal changes in the bacterial community of animal feces and their correlation with stable fly oviposition, larval development, and adult fitness – Thais A. Albuquerque and Ludek Zurek – Frontiers in Microbiology

Plant microbiome

Bacterial networks and co-occurrence relationships in the lettuce root microbiota – Massimiliano Cardinale – Environmental Microbiome

Fungicide Effects on Fungal Community Composition in the Wheat Phyllosphere – Ida Karlsson – PLOS ONE

* Spatial structuring of bacterial communities within individual Ginkgo biloba trees – Jonathan W. Leff – Environmental Microbiology

Soil microbiome

Printing Soil: A single-step, high throughput method to isolate microorganisms and near-neighbor microbial consortia from a complex environmental sample – Bradley R. Ringeisen – Methods in Ecology and Evolution

Microbial communities of frozen soils of the Tuimaada Valley in Central Sakha – T. I. Ivanova – Biology Bulletin

Metabolomics

Automatic Prediction of Polysaccharide Utilization Loci in Bacteroidetes Species –
Nicolas Terrapon – Bioinformatics

Microbial Ecology

* The importance of sample archiving in microbial ecology – S. Craig Cary & Noah Fierer – Nature Reviews Microbiology

“it is an unwritten rule that all freezers will rapidly become filled to capacity, no matter how many freezers are purchased”

Coincidental Loss of Bacterial Virulence in Multi-Enemy Microbial Communities – Ji Zhang – PLOS ONE

Top-down effects of a lytic bacteriophage and protozoa on bacteria in aqueous and biofilm phases – Ji Zhang – Ecology and Evolution

Bioinformatics

Toward a better understanding of Apis mellifera and Varroa destructor microbiomes: introducing “PhyloH” as a novel phylogenetic diversity analysis tool – A Sandionigi – Molecular Ecology Resources

SRI International’s BioCyc Database Collection Expanded for Easy Access to Information about Microbes and Metabolic Pathways

Microbes in the news

* Will You Donate Your Poop To Science? – Christopher Robbins – Gothamist

Pediatric Research | Microbiome research exploding with new revelations – John Barnard – Dispatch

Line Dancing Bacteria on a Chip – UTwente.nl

* Researcher studies microbiome of the dead – Melissa Benmark – WKAR Michigan State University

Bik’s Picks

The Unbelievable Skepticism of the Amazing Randi – Adam Higginbotham – New York Times

Winners Announced For The World’s Richest Science Award: The $3 Million Breakthrough Prize – F.D. Flam – Forbes

* The Challenge of Teaching Science in Rural America – Alexandra Ossola – The Atlantic

Don’t swallow it: Six health myths you should ignore – New Scientist

[hr]

General microbiology and science digest, October 28, 2014

Posted on by

Viruses in humans and caribous, metabolomics of losing weight, and microbes on rough surfaces.
Metabolomics

Impact of a 6-week very low-calorie diet and weight reduction on the serum and fecal metabolome of overweight subjects – Mette S. Schmedes – European Food Research and Technology

“NMR-based metabolomics was carried out on serum and fecal samples obtained from healthy female subjects pre- and post-weight reduction. “

Book with lots of plagiarized text (in at least 3 chapters), so not worth the $25 for the physical book, or even the free download:
Metabonomics and Gut Microbiota in Nutrition and Disease – Springer Link

Metagenomics

CheckM: assessing the quality of microbial genomes recovered from isolates, single cells, and metagenomes – Donovan H. Parks – PeerJ Preprints

“Here we introduce CheckM, an automated method for assessing the quality of a genome using a broader set of marker genes specific to the position of a genome within a reference genome tree along with information about the collocation of these genes. “

Viruses and phages

Expanding the Conversation on High-Throughput Virome Sequencing Standards To Include Consideration of Microbial Contamination Sources – Michael J. Strong, Zhen Lin, Erik K. Flemington – mBio

“We thank Ladner and colleagues for their conversation about standardizing viral genome sequences derived from high-throughput (HT) sequencing technology.”

Chlorovirus ATCV-1 is part of the human oropharyngeal virome and is associated with changes in cognitive functions in humans and mice – Robert H. Yolken – PNAS USA

“Unexpectedly, we identified DNA sequences homologous to virus ATCV-1, an algal virus not previously known to infect humans, in oropharyngeal samples obtained from healthy adults. “

* Preservation of viral genomes in 700-y-old caribou feces from a subarctic ice patch – Terry Fei Fan Ng – PNAS USA

“Using a viral particle-associated nucleic acid enrichment approach, we genetically characterized one complete DNA and one partial RNA viral genome from a 700-y-old fecal sample preserved in ice. “

Microbial Ecology

Trophic interactions induce spatial self-organization of microbial consortia on rough surfaces – Gang Wang, Dani Or – Scientific Reports

“A mechanistic model of cell-level interactions among multispecies microbial populations grown on hydrated rough surfaces facilitated systematic evaluation of how trophic dependencies shape spatial self-organization of microbial consortia in complex diffusion fields.”

Scaling laws governing stochastic growth and division of single bacterial cells – Srividya Iyer-Biswas – PNAS USA

“Now, by using a unique combination of measurement and analysis technologies, together with mathematical modeling, we discover quantitative features that are conserved across physiological conditions. “

Microbes in the news

Gut feelings – Microbiome and mental health – Fabio Piccini – Wall Street International

“Might people suffering from certain forms of mental health problems benefit from a fecal transplant from someone with more happy-go-lucky bacteria? “

Small Things Considered: Bacteria Allow Woodrats to Eat Poison – Anne A. Madden – ASM blog

“Despite such dire consequences, woodrats ingest enough of these plant toxins to kill a lab rat. Every day. But the desert is not littered with woodrat corpses, so clearly they are able to detoxify this poisonous salad somehow. “

Saving The Bees Using Microscopic Bugs – RedOrbit

“Phages are the most abundant life form on the planet and each phage has a unique bacteria that it will attack,” said Sandra Burnett, BYU professor of microbiology and molecular biology. “This makes phage an ideal treatment for bacterial disease because it can target specific bacteria while leaving all other cells alone.”

Science, publishing, and career

Reputation and impact in academic careers – Alexander Michael Petersen – PNAS USA

“Here, we develop a framework for quantifying the influence author reputation has on a publication’s future impact.”

NPRs All Things Considered (Podcast, 5 min): Is ‘Leaning In’ The Only Formula For Women’s Success In Science? – Kelly McEvers – NPR

“Don’t wait to be invited or encouraged to make a career in science, engineering or technology, Frances Arnold advises the young women she teaches at the California Institute of Technology. “

Bik’s Picks

Doctors Making Housecalls: Better, Cheaper Care at Home? – Jennifer Ferris – MedPageToday

“In a little over a decade the practice has exploded in popularity — with Taavoni and more than 40 other providers in North Carolina innovating new ways to bring healthcare home.”

Oil platforms off California are among the most productive marine fish habitats globally –
Jeremy T. Claisse – PNAS USA

“Here, we find that fish communities living on the complex hardscape habitat created throughout the water column by the structure of oil and gas platforms off California have the highest secondary production per unit area of seafloor of any marine ecosystem for which similar estimates exist.”

Can Science Perfect Food? – Daniela Galarza – Eater.com

“A research team in Japan is blowing past molecular gastronomy to discover new ways of perfecting already flawless dishes.”

[hr]

General microbiology and science digest, October 27, 2014

Posted on by

A new Shiny R tool for microbial communities, virus-like pictures in human distal gut, interaction between oral bacteria, dancing your PhD, and X-ray movies of human joints in action.

Bioinformatics

* Seed: a user-friendly tool for exploring and visualizing microbial community data –
Daniel Beck – Bioinformatics

“Seed is written in R using the Shiny library. This provides access to powerful R based functions and libraries through a simple user interface. “

Viruses and phages

With cool pictures: Characterization of virus-like particles associated with the human faecal and caecal microbiota – Lesley Hoyles – Research in Microbiology

“Various methodologies for the recovery of VLPs from faeces were tested and optimized, including successful down-stream processing of such samples for the purpose of an in-depth electron microscopic analysis, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and efficient DNA recovery.”

Transcriptomics / Proteomics / Metabolomics

Thermophilic microbial cellulose decomposition and methanogenesis pathways recharacterized by metatranscriptomic and metagenomic analysis – Yu Xia – Scientific Reports

“The metatranscriptomic recharacterization in the present study captured microbial enzymes at the unprecedented scale of 40,000 active genes belonged to 2,269 KEGG functions were identified.”

Proteomic and transcriptional analysis of interaction between oral microbiota Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus oralis – Kazuhiko Maeda – Journal of Proteome Research

“Here, using shotgun proteomics we examined the molecular basis of mixed-biofilm formation by P. gingivalis with Streptococcus oralis.”

Review: Toward the comprehensive understanding of the gut ecosystem via metabolomics-based integrated omics approach – Wanping Aw, Shinji Fukuda – Seminars in Immunopathology

“In this review, we discuss in detail the relationship between gut microbiota and its metabolites … in the host health and etiopathogenesis of various pathological states such as multiple sclerosis, autism, obesity, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. “

More Microbiology

Biofilms: Five-Star Accommodations for the Aerobically Challenged – Robert A. Cramer – Current Biology

“A recent study finds that fungal biofilms are capable of supporting growth of anaerobic bacteria, suggesting that these fungi can promote bacterial growth in otherwise toxic environments.”

Microbes in the news

* Sorry, Your Gut Bacteria Are Not the Answer to All Your Health Problems – Gabrielle Canon – Mother Jones

“We’re told that tweaks to the microbiome can cure everything from allergies to Ebola. Not exactly, say experts. …despite the optimism, some researchers caution that much of what we hear about microbiome science isn’t always, well, science. “

* Orthopedic surgeon studies bear bacteria to aid bear attack victims – Healio

“Working with the Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks, Iwersen has been collecting cultures of bacteria from the mouths of grizzly bears and correlating them with the types of bacteria found in the bear bites on patients. “

Mexican scientist investigates intestinal bacteria – BetaWired

“Recent findings of the investigator Xicotencatl Gracida Canales…at Harvard University in Cambridge, USA, suggest that in the absence of an intestinal shield, variations in bacterial metabolism can affect reproductive cells and cause infertility in an animal model called C. Elegans.”

Algae-Based Material Takes On Body Odor – Dana Dovey – NewsWeek

“A team of Swedish researchers from the KTH Royal Institute of Technology has found a way to eliminate the growth of this smell-inducing bacteria using one of nature’s best antimicrobials, algae.”

MoBE Postdoctoral Fellowship: From Source to Tap: Linking the Drinking Water Microbiome to Human Health – Sarah Haig – MicroBEnet

“We hypothesize that the microbial communities in municipally treated drinking water are a source of opportunistic pathogens, posing a risk to people with cystic fibrosis”

Science, publishing, career

Is NIH policy the best way to sex equality in studies? – Bethany Brookshire – Science News

“The end goal will be to make sure that NIH-funded scientists “balance male and female cells and animals in preclinical studies in all future [grant] applications” to the NIH.”

Some suggestions for having diverse speakers at meetings – Jonathan Eisen – The Tree of Life

“Some people were asking what one can do to improve gender diversity at meetings so I thought I would post this which I was meaning to do anyway “

‘Dance Your Ph.D.’ finalists announced – John Bohannon – Science

“Rather than reading a paper about it, why not watch a dance? A ballet and a modern dance on those very topics have made it into the finals of this year’s “Dance Your Ph.D.” contest.”

Bik’s Picks

Interactive world map of vaccine-preventable outbreaks – Council for Foreign Relations

“This interactive map visually plots global outbreaks of measles, mumps, whooping cough, polio, rubella, and other diseases that are easily preventable by inexpensive and effective vaccines.”

Dietary cocoa flavanols reverse age-related memory decline in mice – Science Daily

“Dietary cocoa flavanols —- naturally occurring bioactives found in cocoa —- reversed age-related memory decline in healthy older adults, according to a new study. Flavanols are also found naturally in tea leaves and in certain fruits and vegetables”

Amazing X-ray GIFs Show Joints In Motion – Lisa Winter – IFL Science

“Cameron Drake of San Francisco has created a collection of magnificent images showing joints in motion. He was aided by orthopedic physician Dr. Noah Weiss and the finished product is completely amazing. “

[hr]

Microbiome digest, October 21, 2014

Posted on by

Human oral microbiome

Abstract 4834: Microbiome in Oral Epithelial Dysplasia and Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Deepak Saxena – Cancer Research

“PCR amplicons targeting V3-V5 region of 16S rRNA gene were sequenced by 454 pyrosequencing. “

Human respiratory microbiome

Microbial Communities in the Upper Respiratory Tract of Patients with Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease – HeeKuk Park – PLOS ONE

“To account for the qualitative and quantitative diversity of the 16S rRNA gene in the oropharynx, the microbiomes of 18 asthma patients, 17 COPD patients, and 12 normal individuals were assessed using a high-throughput next-generation sequencing analysis.”

Human gut microbiome

Decreased bacterial diversity characterizes an altered gut microbiota in psoriatic arthritis and resembles dysbiosis of inflammatory bowel disease – Jose U. Scher – Arthritis & Rheumatology

“High-throughput 16S rRNA pyrosequencing was utilized to compare community composition of gut microbiota in PsA patients, subjects with psoriasis of the skin and healthy, matched-controls. “

Pregnancy and birth

The Salivary Scavenger and Agglutinin in Early Life: Diverse Roles in Amniotic Fluid and in the Infant Intestine – Martin Parnov Reichhardt – Journal of Immunology

“The present study revealed that SALSA was present in the amniotic fluid (AF) and exceptionally enriched in both meconium and feces of infants. “

Animal microbiome

* Unique and shared responses of the gut microbiota to prolonged fasting: a comparative study across five classes of vertebrate hosts – Kevin D. Kohl – FEMS Microbiology Ecology

“We used 16S rRNA sequencing to document changes in colonic and cecal microbiomes of animals representing five classes of vertebrates at four time points through prolonged fasting: tilapia, toads, geckos, quail, and mice. “

GeoChip-based insights into the microbial functional gene repertoire of marine sponges (HMA, LMA) and seawater – Kristina Bayer – FEMS Microbiology Ecology

“By use of GeoChip, altogether 20,273 probes encoding for 627 functional genes and representing 16 gene categories were identified”

Natural volcanic CO2 seeps reveal future trajectories for host–microbial associations in corals and sponges – Kathleen M Morrow – ISME Journal

“The corals Acropora millepora and Porites cylindrica were less abundant and hosted significantly different microbial communities at the CO2 seep than at nearby control sites <500 m away.”
Plant microbiome

Phylogenetic conservatism in plant-soil feedback and its implications for plant abundance – Brian L. Anacke – Ecology Letters

“We conclude that soil biota influence the abundance of close plant relatives in nature.”

Bioreactor microbiome

Influence of Acidic pH on Hydrogen and Acetate Production by an Electrosynthetic Microbiome – Edward V. LaBelle – PLOS ONE

“Production of hydrogen and organic compounds by an electrosynthetic microbiome using electrodes and carbon dioxide as sole electron donor and carbon source, respectively, was examined after exposure to acidic pH (~5). “

Metagenomics / Transcriptomics / Bioinformatics

Census-based rapid and accurate metagenome taxonomic profiling – Amirhossein Shamsaddini – BMC Genomics

“We have developed a robust subsampling-based algorithm implemented in a tool called CensuScope meant to take a ‘sneak peak’ into the population distribution and estimate taxonomic composition as if a census was taken of the metagenomic landscape. “

Metatranscriptomes from diverse microbial communities: assessment of data reduction techniques for rigorous annotation – Andrew Toseland – BMC Genomics

“To investigate the effect of such techniques on the annotation of metatranscriptome data we assess two commonly employed methods: clustering and de-novo assembly. To do this, we also developed an approach to simulate 454 and Illumina metatranscriptome data sets with varying degrees of taxonomic diversity. “

Microbial Ecology

Mathematical Modeling of Microbial Community Dynamics: A Methodological Review – Hyun-Seob Song – Processes

“In this article, we provide an overview of mathematical tools that include not only current mainstream approaches, but also less traditional approaches that, in our opinion, can be potentially useful. “

A phylogenetic perspective on species diversity, β-diversity, and biogeography for the microbial world – Albert Barberán† and Emilio O. Casamayor – Molecular Ecology

“We explored links between evolution/phylogeny and community ecology using bacterial 16S rRNA gene information from a high altitude lakes district dataset to describe phylogenetic community composition, spatial distribution, and β-diversity and biogeographical patterns applying evolutionary relatedness without relying on any particular operational taxonomic unit definition.”

Distance-Decay and Taxa-Area Relationships for Bacteria, Archaea and Methanogenic Archaea in a Tropical Lake Sediment – Davi Pedroni Barreto – PLOS ONE

“The samples were analyzed using T-RFLP (Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism) targeting mcrA (coding for a subunit of methyl-coenzyme M reductase) and the genes of Archaeal and Bacterial 16S rRNA.”

More microbiology

From Denise Monack’s lab: Role of disease-associated tolerance in infectious superspreaders – Smita Gopinath – PNAS USA

“Using a mouse model of Salmonella infection, we show that levels of Salmonella are equivalent between antibiotic-treated superspreader and nonsuperspreader hosts; however, superspreader hosts are uniquely able to tolerate antibiotic treatment, unlike nonsuperspreader hosts. “

*Also see:  Antibiotics may help Salmonella spread in infected animals, scientists learn – Stanford Medicine News

Spatial organization of bacterial chromosomes – Xindan Wang, David Z Rudner – Current Opinion in Microbiology

“Here, we summarize these different patterns highlighting similarities and differences and discuss the protein factors that help establish and maintain them.”

Bacterial healers: Microbes can redeem themselves to fight disease – Susan Gaidos – Science News

“It’s just a matter of time before bacterial-based treatments become a routine part of a doctor’s toolkit, says microbiologist Robert Britton of the Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, who is studying the relationship between microbes and human health. “

Techniques

Rapid fingerprinting of methanogenic communities by high-resolution melting analysis – Jaai Kim, Changsoo Lee – Bioresource Technology

“The new method produced robust community clustering and ordination results comparable to the results from the commonly used denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) performed in parallel.”

Microbes in the news

Our unique ‘microbial aura’ travels with us wherever we go – Science Friday – PRI

“Unless you lived exactly the same life as me, you would not have the same microbiome. You are, in essence, microbially unique,” explains Jack Gilbert

We’re making a Microbiome Documentary Series and could use your Help – Jamie – Reddit

“My name’s Jamie and I’m part of a team trying to crowdfund a documentary series on the human microbiome titled: ‘Redefining Human’.”

Building houses with bacteria – Euronews

“Houses of the future could be partially built with bacteria. It sounds like science fiction but researchers involved in an EU-backed project in Madrid are working towards making this a concrete reality.”

Bik’s Picks

The Role of Surface Chemistry in Adhesion and Wetting of Gecko Toe Pads – Ila Badge – Scientific Reports

“As expected, under wet conditions, adhesion on a hydrophilic surface (glass) was lower than that on a hydrophobic surface (alkyl-silane monolayer on glass).”

Scientists prepare for an 8-month mission to Mars – on Earth soil- BetaWired

“There’s a new experiment commencing in Hawaii, and the results will help NASA better prepare its astronauts for a lengthy mission to Mars.”

White rhino subspecies is down to one breeding male – Andrea James – BoingBoing

“Sad news from Kenya: the northern white rhino subspecies is down to one breeding male with the death of Suni this month. Only six remain.”

Scientists restore hearing in noise-deafened mice, pointing way to new therapies – ScienceDirect

“Scientists have restored the hearing of mice partly deafened by noise, using advanced tools to boost the production of a key protein in their ears.”

[hr]

General microbiology and science digest, October 2, 2014

Posted on by

Viruses and metagenomics, the soil of Central Park, and sweat eating bacteria.

Ecology

Loops and autonomy promote evolvability of ecosystem networks – Jianxi Luo – Scientific Reports

“To correlate ecosystem structure and evolvability, we adopt the NK model originally from evolutionary biology to generate and assess the ruggedness of fitness landscapes of a wide spectrum of model food webs with gradual variation in the amount of feeding loops and link density. “

Erosion of functional independence early in the evolution of a microbial mutualism
Kristina L. Hillesland – PNAS USA

“We show that as the bacterium Desulfovibrio vulgaris evolved for 1,000 generations in conditions forcing cooperation with the archaeon Methanococcus maripaludis, it lost a key metabolic trait that would be required for it to grow alone in most environments.”

Tree diversity does not always improve resistance of forest ecosystems to drought – Charlotte Grossiord – PNAS USA

“Within our study network of 160 forest stands across Europe, we found that mixed species forests are less exposed to drought stress in some regions only. “

Phages, viruses, and metagenomics

Dynamics of CRISPR Loci in Microevolutionary Process of Yersinia pestis Strains – Maria Paloma S. Barros – PLOS ONE

“This study allowed observing a microevolutionary process in a group of Y. pestis isolated from Brazil. “

Metagenomic approaches for direct and cell culture evaluation of the virological quality of wastewater – Tiong Gim Aw – Journal of Virological Methods

“In this study, NGS and bioinformatics have been employed for the direct detection and characterization of viruses in wastewater and of viruses isolated after cell culture. “

Metagenomics / Bioinformatics

Analysis of the Relationship between Genomic GC Content and Patterns of Base Usage, Codon Usage and Amino Acid Usage in Prokaryotes: Similar GC Content Adopts Similar Compositional Frequencies Regardless of the Phylogenetic Lineages – Hui-Qi Zhou – PLOS ONE

“The GC contents of 2670 prokaryotic genomes that belong to diverse phylogenetic lineages were analyzed in this paper. “

Benchmarking Undedicated Cloud Computing Providers for Analysis of Genomic Datasets
Seyhan Yazar – PLOS ONE

“We benchmarked two established cloud computing services, Amazon Web Services Elastic MapReduce (EMR) on Amazon EC2 instances and Google Compute Engine (GCE), using publicly available genomic datasets”

SDT: A Virus Classification Tool Based on Pairwise Sequence Alignment and Identity Calculation – Brejnev Muhizi Muhire – PLOS ONE

“Here we present Sequence Demarcation Tool (SDT), …that aims to provide a robust and highly reproducible means of objectively using pairwise genetic identity calculations to classify any set of nucleotide or amino acid sequences.”

A two-stage statistical procedure for feature selection and comparison in functional analysis of metagenomes – Naruekamol Pookhao – Bioinformatics

“We propose a two-stage statistical procedure for selecting informative features and identifying differentially abundant features between two or more groups of microbial communities.”

FOAM (Functional Ontology Assignments for Metagenomes): a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) database with environmental focus – Emmanuel Prestat – Nucleic Acids Research

“A new functional gene database, FOAM (Functional Ontology Assignments for Metagenomes), was developed to screen environmental metagenomic sequence datasets. “

Microbes in the News

Soil Microbiome of Central Park – Jef Akst – The Scientist

“The soil of New York City’s Central Park is bursting with biodiversity spanning all three domains of life, according to a study published today”

Supporting the “Good” Gut Microbes – Anna Azvolinksy – The Scientist

“During systemic infection, mice kick-start the production of a specific sugar to feed and protect the beneficial bacteria in their guts while fighting pathogenic strains.”

Sweat-Eating Bacteria: Acne Miracle Cure? – Discovery News

“A new, small study has shown that applying a topical creme containing the bacteria leads to healthier skin and could be used to treat acne and promote healing in wounds.”

Women in Science

* Sexism in Science – sbhatnagar3 – Phylogenomics Blogspot

“Please don’t treat these seminars as a fashion show. It distracts the people away from your work”.”

Bik’s Picks

Behavior of bats at wind turbines – Paul. M. Cryan – PNAS USA

“Bats are dying in unprecedented numbers at wind turbines, but causes of their susceptibility are unknown. “

Flexible energetics of cheetah hunting strategies provide resistance against kleptoparasitism – David M. Scantlebury – Science

“We show that daily energy expenditure (DEE) of cheetahs was similar to size-based predictions and positively related to distance traveled.”

Previously unseen details of seafloor exposed in new map – Science Daily

“Twice as accurate as the previous version, the new map features a much more vivid picture of seafloor structures, including thousands of previously uncharted mountains.”

[hr]

Microbiome digest, September 23, 2014

Posted on by

I don’t have much time tonight, so I’ll keep it short.

Pregnancy and birth

Homogeneity of the Vaginal Microbiome at the Cervix, Posterior Fornix, and Vaginal Canal in Pregnant Chinese Women – Yi-E Huang- Microbial Ecology

Impact of Feeding and Medical Practices on the Development of Necrotizing Enterocolitis – Brian L. Montenegro, Camilia R. Martin – Current Pediatrics Reports

Human respiratory microbiome

Expanding Our Understanding of Respiratory Microbiota in Cystic Fibrosis – John J. LiPuma – Annals of the American Thoracic Society

Microbiota in the throat and risk factors of laryngeal carcinoma – Hongli Gong – Applied and Environmental Microbiology

Human gut microbiome

Membership and Behavior of Ultra-Low-Diversity Pathogen Communities Present in the Gut of Humans during Prolonged Critical Illness – Alexander Zaborin – mBio

The Overarching Influence of the Gut Microbiome on End-Organ Function: The Role of Live Probiotic Cultures – Luis Vitetta – Pharmaceuticals

Excretion of host DNA in feces is associated with risk of Clostridium difficile infection –  Caroline Vincent – Journal of Immunology Research

Animal and in vitro studies of human microbiome

Effect of Oral Administration of Metronidazole or Prednisolone on Fecal Microbiota in Dogs – Hirotaka Igarashi – PLOS ONE

Age and Microenvironment Outweigh Genetic Influence on the Zucker Rat Microbiome
Hannah Lees – PLOS ONE

A comparative evaluation of prebiotic oligosaccharides using in vitro cultures of infant fecal microbiome – J Stiverson – Applied and Environmental Microbiology

Alterations in Ileal Mucosa Bacteria Related to Diet Complexity and Growth Performance in Young Pigs – Crystal L. Levesque – PLOS ONE

Mammal microbiome

Fecal microbial diversity and putative function in captive western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla), common chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), Hamadryas baboons (Papio hamadryas), and binturongs (Arctictis binturong) – Erin A. McKenney – Integrative Zoology

Pathogenic Eukaryotes in Gut Microbiota of Western Lowland Gorillas as Revealed by Molecular Survey – Ibrahim Hamad – Scientific Reports

Insect microbiome

Routes of acquisition of the gut microbiota of Apis mellifera – J. Elijah Powell – Applied and Environmental Microbiology

Sponge microbiome

Symbiotic archaea in marine sponges show stability and host specificity in community structure and ammonia oxidation functionality – Fan Zhang – FEMS Microbiology Ecology
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1574-6941.12427/abstract

Plant microbiome

Comparison of root system architecture and rhizosphere microbial communities of Balsas teosinte and domesticated corn cultivars – Márton Szoboszlay – Soil Biology and Biochemistry

Micromonospora from nitrogen fixing nodules of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). A new promising Plant Probiotic Bacteria – Pilar Martínez-Hidalgo – Scientific Reports

Effects of Clonal Integration on Microbial Community Composition and Processes in the Rhizosphere of the Stoloniferous Herb Glechoma longituba (Nakai) Kuprian – Ningfei Lei – PLOS ONE

Soil type dependent effects of a potential biocontrol inoculant on indigenous bacterial communities in the rhizosphere of field-grown lettuce – Susanne Schreiter – FEMS Microbiology Ecology

Soil microbiome

Culturable fungal assemblages growing within Cenococcum sclerotia in forest soils – Keisuke Obase – FEMS Microbiology Ecology

Food microbiology

Dynamic changes of the microbial communities during the preparation of traditional Tibetan Qula cheese – Bei Zhang – Dairy Science & Technology

Metabolomics / Functional metagenomics

Identification of Aminoglycoside and β-Lactam Resistance Genes from within an Infant Gut Functional Metagenomic Library – Fiona Fouhy – PLOS ONE

Mining the Metabiome: Identifying Novel Natural Products from Microbial Communities

Aleksandr Milshteyn, Jessica S. Schneider, Sean F. Brady – Chemistry & Biology

Commensally sourced antibiotics – Cláudio Nunes-Alves – Nature Reviews Microbiology

Impact of dietary polydextrose fiber on the human gut metabolome – Santosh Lamichhane – Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

Preserving the earth’s microbes for drug discovery in the future – Ranjith N. Kumavath and Satyanarayana S.V – Journal of Microbiology and Microbial Research

Microbial Ecology

PNAS has a special issue this week on Biogeography (with the Panama forest trees paper by Jessica Green): The emergence and promise of functional biogeography – Cyrille Violle – PNAS

Active invasion of bacteria into living fungal cells – Nadine Moebius – eLife

Microbes in the news

Microbiome: You are never alone – John A Goldman – Atlanta Medicine

Seeking the Sweet Spot, from Mouth to Microbiome – David Katz – Huffington Post

New evidence suggests long-term relationships with bacteria begins before we’re born – Norbert Berzog and David Niesel – Galveston County Daily News

MIT Developing Ship-Repairing Bacteria – World Maritime News

Science and publishing

Anonymous peer-review comments may spark legal battle – Kelly Servick – Science

[hr]

General microbiology and science, September 15, 2014

Posted on by

Biodiversity and evolution in microbial communities, metabolomics, swabbing, DNA extraction, ITS approaches, marine viruses, and Bik’s Picks.

Microbial Ecology

The cryptic role of biodiversity in the emergence of host–microbial mutualisms – Pradeep Pillai – Ecology Letters

“Using a metacommunity model, we show that competition between multiple cheaters within the host’s microbiome, when combined with the spatial structure of host–microbial interactions, can have a constructive rather than a disruptive effect by allowing the emergence and maintenance of mutualistic microorganisms within the host.”

Microbial communities evolve faster in extreme environments – Sheng-Jin Li – Nature Scientific Reports

“Here we report a relative evolutionary rates (rERs) analysis of microbial communities from six diverse natural environments based on 40 metagenomic samples. “

Metabolomics

Mapping the Inner Workings of the Microbiome: Genomic- and Metagenomic-Based Study of Metabolism and Metabolic Interactions in the Human Microbiome – Ohad Manor, Roie Levy, Elhanan Borenstein – Cell Metabolism

“Here, we discuss recent efforts to study the metabolic inner workings of this complex ecosystem. “

Techniques

Comparison of seven methods for extraction of bacterial DNA from fecal and cecal samples of mice – Janina Ferrand – Journal of Microbiological Methods

“DNA quantity and quality were assessed by fluorometry, spectrophotometry, gel electrophoresis and qPCR….For both feces and intestinal contents, the most efficient extraction method was the FastDNA® SPIN Kit for Soil.”

Swab Sample Transfer for Point-Of-Care Diagnostics: Characterization of Swab Types and Manual Agitation Methods – Nuttada Panpradist – PLOS ONE

“In this study, we compared bacterial release efficiency of seven swab types using manual-agitation methods typical of POC devices.”

Improved resolution of bacteria by high throughput sequence analysis of the rRNA internal transcribed spacer – Paul M. Ruegger – Journal of Microbiological Methods

“Comparisons of the ITS region and two SSU regions using annotated bacterial genomes in GenBank showed much greater resolving power is possible with the ITS region. “

Pyroprinting: A rapid and flexible genotypic fingerprinting method for typing bacterial strains – Michael W. Black – Journal of Microbiological Methods

“Pyroprinting relies on the simultaneous pyrosequencing of polymorphic multicopy loci, such as the intergenic transcribed spacer regions of rRNA operons in bacterial genomes.”

Bioinformatics

OrthoClust: an orthology-based network framework for clustering data across multiple species – Koon-Kiu Yan – Genome Biology

“We demonstrate the application of OrthoClust using the RNA-Seq expression profiles of Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster from the modENCODE consortium.”

Viruses and Phages

Review: Factors affecting virus dynamics and microbial host–virus interactions in marine environments – Kristina D.A. Mojica and Corina P.D. Brussaard – FEMS Microbiology Ecology

“The goal of the present minireview was to contribute to the evolution of marine viral ecology, through the assimilation of available data regarding the manner and degree to which environmental factors affect viral decay and infectivity as well as influence latent period and production.”

More Microbes

Dead or Alive: Molecular Assessment of Microbial Viability – Gerard A. Cangelosi and John S. Meschke – Applied and Environmental Microbiology

“This article reviews molecular viability analysis in that context and discusses future opportunities for these strategies in genetic, metagenomic, and single-cell microbiology.”

Bacteria in the news

Is your body mostly microbes? Actually, we have no idea – Peter Andrey Smith – The Boston Globe

“There’s only one problem: The oft-cited 10-to-1 figure is almost certainly inaccurate.”

The Death Microbiome Could Inform Forensic Science And Medicine – Randall Mayes – Design & Trend

“For pathologists working out the time of death, research has focused on the way that insects and microbes from a corpse’ environment take up residence in the flesh.”

Tiny hitchhikers, big health impact: Studying the microbiome to learn about disease – Krista Conger – ScopeBlog Stanford

Got microbes? Meet some of the tiny life forms that call you home and may make antibiotics for you (with annoying 5 questions if you want to read the whole article) – Susannah Bodman – Oregon Live

Fighting Poisons With Bacteria – Going Inside the Rice Microbiome – Carina Storrs – NY Times

“Dr. Bais is working to develop rice plants that take up less arsenic, a common contaminant in the fields of his native India and other Asian countries.”

Possum faeces may cause flesh-eating ulcers in humans, Victorian researchers say – ABC Australia

“Infectious disease researchers at Victoria’s Barwon Health have found that possums can carry the buruli bacteria, which can cause major skin ulcers in humans.”

Scientific publishing

Ten Simple Rules for Better Figures – Nicolas P. Rougier – PLOS Computational Biology

“we aim to provide a basic set of rules to improve figure design and to explain some of the common pitfalls.”

The digital toolbox – Nature Editorial

“A new section of Nature examines the software and websites that make research easier.”

Scientific career

There is life after academia – Nature Editorial

“With high numbers of postdocs emerging from universities, prospective PhD students must be prepared for the fact that they will probably not end up with a career in research.”

Bik’s Picks

PBS: Video on the science behind brewing beer hops to it – CNET

“PBS series “It’s Okay To Be Smart” takes a look at how beer is made, and what external factors influence the final product.”

The coffee genome provides insight into the convergent evolution of caffeine biosynthesis -France Denoeud – Science

“We generated a high-quality draft genome of the species Coffea canephora, which displays a conserved chromosomal gene order among asterid angiosperms. “

On the Other Hand – Bob Grant – The Scientist

“Handedness, a conspicuous but enigmatic human trait, may be shared by other animals. What does it mean for evolution and brain function?”

[hr]