Today’s digest covers interesting reviews on microbiome and microbial metabolites, and research articles showing bacteria in meconium, how host and microbial factors affect host physiology and mechanistic insight into role of microbiota in alleviation of intestinal inflammation.

General microbiome

Review: Role of the microbiome in human development – Maria Gloria Dominguez-Bello – Gut

Review: The role of the intestinal microbiota in uremic solute accumulation: a focus on sulfur compounds – Alessandra F. Perna – Journal of Nephrology

Review: Gut microbial metabolites in obesity, NAFLD and T2DM – Emanuel E. Canfora – Nature Reviews Endocrinology

Pregnancy and early life

Characterisation of the bacterial microbiome in first‐pass meconium using propidium monoazide (PMA) to exclude non‐viable bacterial DNA – Lisa F. Stinson – Letters in Applied Microbiology

Perinatal antibiotics alter preterm infant EEG and neurobehavior in the Family Nurture Intervention trial – Morgan R. Firestein – Developmental Psychobiology

Altered gut microbiota and short chain fatty acids in Chinese children with autism spectrum disorder – Simeng Liu – Scientific Reports

Human gut microbiome

Gut microbiota density influences host physiology and is shaped by host and microbial factors – Eduardo J. Contijoch – Elife

The Crohn’s disease polymorphism, ATG16L1 T300A, alters the gut microbiota and enhances the local Th1/Th17 response – Sydney Lavoie – Elife

Alterations in the intestinal microbiota of patients with severe and active Graves’ orbitopathy: a cross-sectional study – T. T. Shi – Journal of Endocrinological Investigation

Fecal microbiota transplantation for treatment of recurrent C. difficile infection: An updated randomized controlled trial meta-analysis – Wenjia Hui – PlosOne

Evolutionary dynamics of bacteria in the gut microbiome within and across hosts – Nandita R. Garud – PlosBiology

MicroRNA-Mediated Tumor–Microbiota Metabolic Interactions in Colorectal Cancer – Ce Yuan – DNA and Cell Biology

Modulation of the Gut Microbiota by Resistant Starch as a Treatment of Chronic Kidney Diseases: Evidence of Efficacy and Mechanistic Insights – Matthew Snelson – Advances in Nutrition

Animal experiments

Microbiota fermentation-NLRP3 axis shapes the impact of dietary fibres on intestinal inflammation – Vishal Singh – Gut

A high linoleic acid diet exacerbates metabolic responses and gut microbiota dysbiosis in obese rats with diabetes mellitus – Hsiu-Chuan Lee – Food and Function

Gut microbiota profiling with differential tolerance against the reduced dietary fibre level in rabbit – Shi-Yi Chen – Scientific Reports

Novel strains of Bacteroides fragilis and Bacteroides ovatus alleviate the LPS-induced inflammation in mice – Huizi Tan – Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology

Water and extremophile microbiome

Consistency in microbiomes in cultures of Alexandrium species isolated from brackish and marine waters – Eva Sörenson – Environmental Microbiology Reports

Probiotics / prebiotics

Review: Beneficial Effects of Probiotic Consumption on the Immune System – C. Maldonado Galdeano – Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism

Microbes on the market

Ferring, Rebiotix and Karolinska Institutet Extend Collaboration to Research Next Generation of Microbiome Treatments – Microbiome Times

Non-microbiology picks

Those with inadequate access to food likely to suffer from obesity – Science Daily